Locomotive



J. L.. RAY

LOCOMOTIVE Oct. 13, 1942.

Filed Feb. 19, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. L. RAY

LocoMoTIvE Oct. 13, 1942.

Filed Feb. 19, 1940 la: /d

Oct. 13, 1942. J. L. RAY

LOCOMOTIVE Filed Fab. 1e. 1940 5A Sheetsheet 3 J. L.. RAY

LOCOMOTIVE Oct. 13, 1942.

5 .Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 19, 1940 Od. 13, 1942. i J, L RAY 2,298,309

LGCOMOTIVE Filed Feb. 19, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Oct. 13, 1942 LOCOMOTIV E James L. Ray, Elm Grove, Wis., assigner to Allis- Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation f Delaware Application February 19, 1940, Serial N0. 319,581

(Cl. S- 35) 22 Claims.

passenger service, have stimulated efforts to develop a high speed locomotive for this type of service which would be satisfactory withrespect to initial cost, smoothness of operation, speedtorque characteristics, continuity of service, maintenance costs and efllciency. However, the known types of locomotives, as improved by the developments which have been perfected to date, have not proved satisfactory` in all of the respects noted above. For example, the efficiency of the modern reciprocating steam engine locomotive is only of the order of 3-9%, and the construction of this type of engine for high speed operation nearly doubles the initial cost. Moreover, the unbalanced reciprocating parts produce an uneven transmission of power and excessive vibration which are characteristic and undesirable features. The high initial and maintenance costs of Diesel electric locomotives increases the cost of operating trains drawn thereby toa value materially in excess of the cost of operating a similar train drawn by a reciprocating steam engine type of locomotive. The steam turbine electric locomotive, when constructed so as to be satisfactory with respect to initial cost. speed-torque characteristics' and eillciency has pro.ven impractical because of the unreliable service afforded and because of the extremely high maintenance costs.

In accordance with this invention the aforementioned undesirable features of the reciprocating steam engine, Diesel electric and steam turbine electric types of locomotives can be eliminated by a locomotive construction embodying a continuous combustion gas turbine power plant and either a hydromechanical or an electricalV power transmitting mechanism coupling the turbine with the axles driven thereby. The coupling efficiency of a continuous combustion gas turbine system is of the 'order of 17-20%. and with a suitable hydromechanlcal transmission the driving axle efficiency is of the order of l416%. The coupling efficiency of the continuous gas turbine system is considerably less than that of a Diesel engine system, but the difference between the fuel consumptions of these two systems is in many cases fully odset by the difference in the price of the Diesel oil rocating steam engine.

and the Bunker C oil used in the turbine system. Moreover, the gas turbine system affords a decided advantage over the Diesel engine with respect to maintenance vcosts as it is practically impossible tolubricate the high speed Diesel engines suitable forlocomotive service so as to eliminate the frequent overhauling which is necessary'in order to replace the stuck rings and the excessively worn parts.

The continuous combustion gas turbine, which is simple to construct and which affords reliable service. operates to directly produce rotary motion thereby eliminating the aforesaid uneven operation and vibration characterizing the recip- In addition, the gas turbine system eliminates the -high pressure steam generator, the large water storage space, the condensing system and the additional auxiliary apparatus essential for the efficient operation of a steam turbine and the necessity for crowding the said essential apparatus into the limited space available which largely contributes to frequent interruptions in service and high maintenance costs.

Therefore, the primary object of this invention is to provide an improved locomotive construction.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved locomotive construction in which the power generating means, the transmission mechanism, etc. are correlated in a novel manner to produce a low center of gravity.

Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved locomotive construction embodying a novel supporting arrangement for the power generating means and for the transmission mechanism.

Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved locomotive construction embodying a novel transmission oil cooling arrangement.

Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved continuous combustion gas turbine driven locomotive in which essential elements or features of construction and groups of such elements or features are correlated in a novel manner.

A further object of this invention. is to provide an improved continuous combustion gas turbine driven locomotive in which a plurality of driving turbines and a plurality of power transmission means are correlated in a novel manner.

The invention accordingly consists of the various features of construction, combinations of elements and arrangements of parts as more fully pointed out in the appended claims and in the detailed description, in which:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation ol a locomotive embodying the invention with the near side wall and main member removed to better show the arrangement oi' parts;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to that ci' Fig. l illustrating a modified arrangement;

Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of a simpliiled control system for the arrangement shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of the forward portion of a locomotive with the roof removed illustrating another modiilcation:

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 4 with the near side wall and main frame member removed:

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line VI-VI of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on line VII-VII of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal section .through thetransmission mechanism associated with the rear power turbine of Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the transmission mechanism shown in Fig. 8 with the cover removed to better show the arrangement ot parts;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken on line X-X of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is an enlarged side elevation of the rear portion of the locomotive shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 12 is a plan view o! the portion of the locomotive shown in Fig. 11 with the roof removed;

Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken on line m11- XIII of Fig. 112

Fig. 14 is a sectional view taken on line XIV- XIV of Fig. i1;

Fig. 15 is a sectional view taken on line XV XV of Fig. 11;

Fig. 16 is an enlarged side elevation of the rear portion of the locomotive shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 17 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the rear portion of a locomotive with the rear side wall and main frame member removed illustrating still another modiilcation;

Fig. 18 is' a plan view of the portion oi' the locomotive shown in Fig. 17 with the roof removed:

Fig. 19 is a sectional view taken on line XIX- XIX of Fig. 17;

Fig. 20 is a sectional view XX of Fig. 17;

Fig. 21 is a sectional view taken on line XXI- XXI of Fig 17; and

Fig. 22 is a plan diagrammatic view oi the supporting frames for the turbine system and for the electric generator and gearing shown in Figs. 17 and 18.

Referring to Fig. 1, it is seen that the locomotive comprises a main frame I supported at each end by a bogie 2 and two power plants 3 each including acontinuous combustion gas turbine system 4, a prime mover generator unit 3 for starting the turbine system 4, a power turbine 1, a hydmmechanical transmission l, a transmission fluid reservoir' and circulating pump 8 and II, respectively, f or supplying the working iluid to the hydraulic power transmitting elements of the transmission' 3.

'I'he main frame as best seen in Figs. 1 and 13-15, inclusive. comprises two pairs oi' vertically spaced upper and lower longitudinally and parallelly extending hollow side members I2 and I3, respectively.v a plurality of longitudinally spaced taken on line XX- and vertically extending spacing and reinforcing members I4 connecting each pair o1' side members I2 and I3, a plurality of longitudinally spaced and laterally extending upper spacing and reinforcing members I6, of which only one is shown, connecting the upper side members of the said pairs, and a plurality of similarly arranged longitudinaliy spaced and laterally extending lower spacing and reinforcing members I1, I3 and I8 connecting the lower side members I3 of said pairs. 'I'he main frameis supported on each bogie frame 2| by means of the usual king pin and socket connection 22 so as to provide relative pivotal movement between the bogie and main frame. Each bogie 2 includes two driving axles 5 interposed between a pilot wheel axle I0 and a trailing wheel axle 20. The driving axles 5 on each bogie are connected with the adjacent power turbine 1 by means of the drive shafts 25 and the hydromechanical transmission 8 as clearly shown in Figs. 8-10, inclusive.

Each continuous combustion gas turbine system 4 comprises a turbine 23, an axial compressor 24 disposed in axial alinement and operatively connected with the turbine 23, and a combustion chamber '28 which, as best shown in Figs. 12-14, inclusive, consists of a pair of elongated tubular members 21 extending in spaced and approximately parallel relation with respect to each other and with respect to the axis of the turbine and compressor. The compressor end oi' each tubular member 21 is provided with a regulatable oil burner 28 of known construction and is connected with the discharge end of the compressor 24 by a pipe 29. The pipes coact to form what is in effect a Y-discharge connection for the compressor as best shown inFig. 13. The inlet end of the compressor 24 communicates with the atmosphere outside the locomotive by means of a laterally extending duct 3l as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. The opposite end of each tubular member 21 is connected with the admission end of the turbine 23 by a pipe 32 and with the admission end of the power turbine 1 by means of the pipes 33 and 34, as best shown in Figs. 12 and 14. The pipe 34 is provided with flexible portions or connections 36 and with a motor operated valve 31 for controlling the 110W of the motive iluid to the power turbine 1. The turbine 23 exhausts through the root of the locomotive by means o! a radially extending exhaust conduit 38 which passes upward between the tubular members 21 as shown in Figs. 11-14, inclusive. The power turbine exhausts through a pipe 33 which also extends upward through the roof or the locomotive.

Each continuous combustion turbine system 4 is supported by an end portion of the main frame I in symmetrical relation with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locomotive and in superposed relation with respect to the underlying bogie 2 by means oi' three supporting members 4|, 42 and 43 and a generally rectangular trame 44 comprising two parallel side members 46 and three lon- Y gitudinally spaced transverse members 41, 4 3

and 49. The mid-portion oi' the transverse member 41 o! the frame 44 is supported on the midportion of the transverse member l1 of the main frame I by the supporting member 4I and the transverse member 49 of the frame 44 is supported on the transverse member I8 of the main trame I at laterally spaced points which are symmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locomotive by the two supporting members 42 and 43 as best seen in Figs.

12 and 14. The supporting member 4|, which may include a cushioning member of resilient material, is constructed so as to permit relative pivotal movement between the rectangular frame 44 and the transverse main flame supporting member I1. The supporting members 42 and 48 are rigidly secured to the-transverse main frame supporting member I1 so as to prevent relative vlateral and longitudinal movements between the frame 44 and the transverse member I1. The turbine and compressor cas' `gs of each system 4, a'. supported on the two side members 48 of the frame 44 by mean.- of laterally extending supporting portions 5| and 82, respectively, and each system is provided with three bearing structures 53, 54 and 58 which coact with the midportions of the three transverse members 41, 48 and 49, respectively, to rotatably support the axially allned turbine and compressor spindles. Movement of the turbine and compressor. casings with respect to the supporting frame is prevented in the usual manner by the use of loose fitting bolts or an equivalent means not shown. The bearings for each continuous combustion turbine system and the associated power turbine are force lubricated by means including the pumps l1 and the oil reservoir 88 supported beneath the rectangular frame 44 by brackets 89 which are connected with the side members of the main frame I. The-lubricatingpipe lines are omitted in the interests of simplicity. The structure just described provides a three point support for the entire continuous combustion turbine system 4l which permits a compact symmetrical arrangement of the coacting turbine. compressor and combustion chamber elements and which prevents subjecting said elements to the torsional movements of the main frame.

The transmission 8 consists of an interiorly partitioned 'housing 8i rotatably supporting laterally spaced and parallelly extending groups of lay shafts 62 with each group including a first shaft 83 having secured thereon a pair of gears 84 which are constantly in mesh with a pair of pinions 66 on the turbine shaft 61 a'nd the driving elements of a combined hydraulic torque converter and coupling unit 88 of known construction, a second shaft 88 having secured thereon a pair of gears 1| which are constantly in mesh with a pair of idler geais 12 which in turn are constantly in mesh with a second pair of pinions 13, as best shown in Fig, l0, on the turbine shaft 61 and the driving element of a torque converter unitz 14, and a third shaft 18 having secured thereon the driven elements of the said combined unit 88 and the said. converter unit 14 and. a pair of gears 11 which are constantly in mesh .with a pair of pinions 18 on the associated drive shaft 28. The arrangement is such that when it is desired to drive the locomotive in the ahead direction, the fluid is drained from the torque converter units 14 and fluid admitted to the selected driving elements of the combined units 88, whereupon power is transmitted from the turbine shaft .81 through the shafts 88, the" combined units 89 and the shafts 18 to the drive shafts 28. When it is desired to drive the locoin the art and the necessary valves and their arrangement has been omitted in order to simplify the disclosure. The drive shafts 25, which include the requisite numbery of flexible coupling units 8|, are geared to the driving axles in the usual manner. as best shown in Figs. 9 and 13.

The transmission fluid for the combined converter and coupling units and for the converter units is withdrawn from the reservoir 9, which is removably secured to the bottom portion of the casing of the power turbine 1, as best shown in Fig. 8, by the motor driven pump and delivered through the pipe 82 and the branch pipes 83 and 84 to the said units. The transmission fluid flows from the said units through the branch pipes 86 and 91 and the connecting pipe 88 to the tsp of the elongated heat exchanger 89 which is disposed in the space immediately above the floor plates 9| and between the longitudinally spaced continuous combustion turbine systems 4, downward through the said heat exchanger and then through the pipe 92 back to the reservoir 9. The pipes 82-88, inclusive, and the pipe 82 either should4 be constructed of exible material or should include flexible couplings (not shown) to permit relative movement of the devices to which the said pipes are connected. The pump and also a motor driven fuel transfer pump 98, which pump 92 operates to withdraw fuel from a tank (not shown) and to deliver liquid fuel under pressure to the burners 28, are both removably mounted on the reservoir 9 in the manner indicated in Figs. 1l and l5. The heat exchanger 89, which is of known construction, includes a core enclosed in a casing 84 which is provided with a plurality of transverse openings 98 through which air is forced in heat exchanging relation with the core by means of the fans 91, 88, 89, |8I and |82. The floor plates 9| are supported by means of suitable brackets |83 secured to the side wall framework of the locomotive, as best shown in Figs. 11 and 13.

The heat exchanger casing 94 is secured to thev side wall framework of the locomotive by means of suitable brackets |84, as best shown in Figs. l2 and 15. The fans 91, 98, |8| and |82, which include a gear box |89, are supported on the side wall of the heat exchanger casing 94 by means of suitable brackets |81. These four fans are driven by an auxiliary gas turbine |88 by means of the longitudinally extending shaft |88 which is journaled in the gear boxes |88 and which includes a plurality of flexible couples III. The auxiliary turbine |88, which is mounted on the supporting frame 44 for the continuous combustion turbine system 4 at the front end of the locomotive by the bracket means |I2, receives motive fluid from the combustion chamber 28 of the adjacent continumotive in the reverse direction. the duid is drained 14 and shafts 18 to the drive shafts 2l. Valvearrangements for selectively filling and emptying a plurality of hydraulic coupling units are old ous combustion turbine unit 4 by means of the pipe I|8 which includes a motor operated valve II4. The fan 99 is driven by an electric motor I I8 which is suspended from the upper transverse `member I8 of the main frarm.- by a bracket ||1 as best shown in Figs. l1 and 15.

The transmission 8 and the power turbine 1, including the transmission fluid reservoir 9, are supported as a unit from the main frame l in symmetrical relation with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locomotive by means of three depending brackets |l8, ||9 and I2| and a rectangular frame |22 comprising two parallel side members |22 and two-longitudinally spaced transverse members |24 and |28. The transverse member |24 is connected at laterally spaced points,

which are symmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locomotive, with similarly arranged points on the transverse member I8 of the main frame I by means of the two brackets 8 and lli, es best shown in Fig. 14. The mid-portion of the transverse member |28 is connected with the mid-portion of the transverse member I8 loi' the main frame I by the remaining bracket I2| which is preferably constructed of resilient material soV as to permit the bracket to flex or twist sufficiently to effect the same result that would be obtained by the use of known types of pivota1 connections, such as the supporting member 4|, between the -said bracket and the transverse member of the main frame. The shafts of the transmission mechanism 8 and the spindle of the power turbine 1 are rotatably mounted in bearings (not shown) provided in the transmission housing and turbine casing as is common practice in the art. The casing of the power turbine 1 and the housing`oi the transmission 8 are supported on the rectangular frame |22 by means of laterally projecting supporting portions |21 and |28, respectively, as best shown in Figs. ll and l5. Movement of the transmission housing and turbine casing with respect to the supporting frame is prevented in the usual manner by the use of loose fitting bolts or an equivalent means not shown. This structure provides a three point support for the transmission and power turbine as a unit, and it should be particuiarly noted that this three point support and the three point support for the continuous combustion turbine system are both symmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locomotive, that the two laterally spaced points of each three point support are disposed in proximity with respect to, i. e., substantially in, a vertical plane extending transversely of the said axis, and that, consequently, torsional movements of the main frame will not effect relative movements between the coacting elements of the structures mounted on the said two three point supports. Stated diiferently, the mounting of the two three point supporting structures in the manner just described eliminates a material degree of relative torsional movement between the adjacent ends of the structures on which the transmission means and the combustion turbine system are supported, thereby preventing excessive gear wear and the excessive vibration generally-experienced with the supporting arrangements heretofore employed.

The prime mover generator unit I for starting the continuous combustion turbine system 4 positioned atv the front end of the locomotive includes, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 3, an internal combustion engine |28 operatively connected to agenerator |8| and to a starting motor |82 by means oi' gearing |88 and to the blower end of the turbine system by a suitable clutch mechanism |84. 'I'he internal combustion engine vand the generator and starting motor. are supported on. a plurality of transverse frame members |88, as best shown in Fig. 1. The prima mover generator unit 8 for starting the continuous combustion turbine system 4 positioned at the rear end of the locomotive includes an auxiliary gas turbine |81 operatively connectedv to the generator |88 and to .the'compressor end of the turbine system by means of gearing |88 and a suitable clutch |4I, respectively. 'I'he auxiliary gas turbine |81 is supported on a bracket means |42 carried by the transverse member 41 of the supporting frame 44 ported on a pair of laterally spaced longitudinal beam members |48, as best shown in Figs. 1l and 12. The auxiliary turbine |81 receives motive uid from the combustion chamber 28 of the continuous combustion turbine system 4A positioned at the forward end of the locomotive by'means of the pipe |44 which includes a motor operated valve |46 and the pipe 84. Four train heating units |41 are arranged at the rear end of the locomotive and are supported in part by the beam members |48 and in part by the adjacent side wall framework of the locomotive, as shown in Fjig. 12. The units are arranged in pairs with each pair exhausting through a conduit |48 which extends upward through the roof.

Referring to Fig. 3 it is seen that the starting motor |82, which may be of the type operable either as a motor or as a generator, is energized by a circuit including a storage battery |49, wire |5|, and a manual switch |82 and that the generators |8I and |88 are connected to a common bus |58 by means of the switch controlled circuits |54 and |58, respectively. The motor operated valves 81 controlling the fiow of motive fluid to the power turbines 1 associated with the continuous combustion turbine systems 4 positioned at the front and rear ends of the locomotive `are separately energized by the switch controlled circuits |51 and |58, respectively. The motor operated valves ||6 and |46 controlling the fiow of motive fluid to the auxiliary turbines |08 and |81 are also separately energized by the switch controlled circuits |58 and Ill, respectively. The motor driven lubricating and transmission fluid pumps and 81, respectively, the fan motor ||8 and the fuel transfer pump 88 are separately energized by the switch controlled circuits |82, |88, |64, |60, |81 and |88 of which the circuits |81 and |68 control the operation oi the transmission fluid and lubricating pumps associated with the power plant at the front end of the locomotive and the circuits |82 and |88 control the operation of the lubricating and transmission fluid pumps associated with the power plant at the rear end of the locomotive. 'Ihe -arrangement of the control valves for the auxiliary and power turbines is such that when the energizing circuits for the actuating motors are open, the valves are fully closed and that when the said circuits are energized the valves are fully open. The power developed by each continuous combustion turbine unit and the associated power turbine is varied in the usual manner by regulating the firing rate, i. e., the quantity of fuel delivered to the combustion chamber. Suitable apparatus for simultaneously regulating the firing rate of the various burners is well known in the art and since it is not an essential feature of the present invention, it has been omitted in the interests of simplicity.

The procedure for conditioning the two power plants to propel the locomotive, assuming that both power plants are inoperative, that the prime mover generators are declutched from the adiacent turbine system, and that the circuits connecting the generators, the valves, and the pump and fan motors with the common bus are open, is as follows: The starting motor |82 is energized by closing the switch |82` and as soon as the internal combustion engine |28 has started and reaches its normal operating speed, the switch -connecting the generator |8| with the bus |88 is closed to permit the selected energization of lthe motors driving the various auxiliary deas seen in Fig. il and the generator |88 is sup- 15 vices. The motor driven lubricating pump B1 for the turbine system at the iront end of the locomotive is then rendered operative by closing the circuit |60 and after the elapse oi sufficient time for the lubricant to reach the bearings, the interna] combustion engine |20 is clutched to the turbine system 4 and the latter gradually brought up to a predetermined speed. However, before the turbine, and compressor are rotating at the desired speed, the fuel transfer pump 93 is energized by closing the circuit |66 and as soon as the turbine and compressor reach the desired speed, the burners 28 are rendered operative and the firing rate gradually increased until the system is operating under its own power. The internal combustion engine |29 is then deciutched from the turbine system and its operation continued so as to `furnish power for operating the auxiliary devices.

The locomotive can now be propelled in the desired direction simply by bringing the associated power turbine 1 up to speed and by filling the proper converter units of the associated transmission. The power turbine 1 is brought s up to speed by closing the energizing circuit |01 for the motor operated valve 31 which opens the valve and permits the flow of motive fluid to the turbine and by increasing the firing rate. 'I'he filling of the proper converter units is accomplished by closing the energizing current |81 for the pump I I which delivers the transmission fluid to the converter and coupling units and by manipulating the usual control valves (not shown). The dissipation of the heat imparted to the transmission fiuid by slippage of the driv .ng and driven converter elements during the starting period is eiIected by closing the energizing circuit for the motor actuated valve ||4 controlling the ilow of motive fluid to the auxiliary turbine |08 to operate the four cooling fans 01, 08, |0| and |02. However, a single combustion turbine unit and the associated power turbine is seldom used to drive the locomotive and the next step in conditioning the locomotive for normal operation, assuming that no attempt has been made to propel the locomotive by a single power plant, as just described, is to start the continuous combustion turbine unit at the rear end of-the locomotive.

With the turbine unit at the front end of the locomotive operating as previously described, the unit at the rear end is started by closing the energizing circuit |0| for the motor operated valve |40 which opens the valve and permits the flow of motive iiuid to the auxiliary turbine |31 which drives the generator |38. The tiring rate of the forward unit is, of course, increased to provide the additional energy required to drive the auniliary turbine |31 and generator |30. When the turbine and generato: are up to speed and the generator voltage is commensurate with that of the bus, the circuit |50 connecting the generator Iwith the bus is closed thus connecting the generators Ill and |30 in parallel to supply power for the motor driven auxiliaries. The circuit connecting the generator III with the bus may now be opened and the operation or the internal combustion engine |20 stopped as the generator |80 is capable of furnishing all the power required by the motor driven, auxiliaries. Each of the generators |3| and |30 is capable of generating sumcient power to drive the other as a motor for starting the associated turbine unit in the event the prime mover ordinarily used is inoperative. The clutch |4| is manipulated to connect the auxiliary turbine |31 with the continuous combustion turbine system 4 -which is then brought up to speed and placed inopeLation by rendering the burners operative, by increasing the tiring rate and rby closing the energizing circuit for the associated lubricating pump as described in connection with the starting of the unit at the front end of the locomotive. If the opening of the circuit connecting the 'generator |2| with the bus and the stopping of the internal combustion engine |28 has not already been done, it is done at this time. Both of the continuous combustion turbine systems are now in condition for drivingthe locomotive and all that remains tov be done in order to propel the locomotive is to bring the associated power turbines 1 up to speed and to fill the proper converter units of the associated transmissions 8.

The power turbines 1 are brought up to speed by closing the energizing circuits |01 and |58 for the motor operated valves 31 which opens the valves and permits the iiow of the motive iluid to the turbines and by increasing the firing rate suiliciently to provide the additional energy required for driving the power turbines 1. The selected converter units are filled with transmission fluid by closing the energizing circuits |03 and |01 for the transmission nuid pumps and by manipulating the usual control valves not shown. The llring rate is then further increased to start the locomotive and the load drawn thereby and to propel the locomotive at the desired speed. There is considerable sli-pme between the driving and driven elements of the converter units during the starting period and -when the locomotive is operating at a speed materially less than its normal speed and in order to maintain the transmission efiiciency within permissible limits, it is necessary to rapidly dissipate the large amount of heat which is imparted to the transmission iluid during such periods of operation. This result is accomplished by closing the circuits |04 and l" to energize the motor driven fan lle and the motor operated valve ||4 for the auxiliary turbine |00 during the starting period and 'when the locomotive is operating at slow speeds whereby all tive fans l1, 08, l0, |0| and |02 are operated to force the maximum quantity of cooling air through the h eat exchanger 00. When the locomotive is operating at its normal speed there is seldom more than 3% slip, between the driving and driven elements of the hydraulic units and after the locomotive attains its normal operating speed, the energizing circuit |50 for motor operated valve ||4 is opened which terminates the operation o! the auxiliary turbine |08 and the four cooling fans 01, 00, |0I and |02.

The locomotive is brought to a stop by decreasing the firing rate,.by applying the usual brakes (not shown) and by emptying the hydraulic coupling units. In making stops of short duration, the preferable procedure is to simultaneously apply the brakes and reduce the tiring rate to a value Just. suflicient to maintain the continuous combustion turbine systems and the associated power turbines operating under their own power when the hydraulic coupling units are emptied and to empty the hydraulic coupling units when the speed of the driven elements decreases suiiioiently to again load the turbine umts. In order to again start the locomotive. all that is necessary is to refill the converter units and to increase the nring rate as previously described.

rigs. 2 and 16 illustrate a modilled arrangement in which like numerals are used to designate the same or similar parts. This modiiication differs from the construction shown in Figs. l, 1l and 134 in that an electric drive is employed which includes an electric motor |99 geared to each driving axle of the two bogies 2 in a conventional manner and an electric generator |1| driven by each continuous combustion turbine system 4 by means of the reduction gearings |12. The capacity of the turbines 23 have been increased sufillciently to develop the necessary power required for driving the generators I1| -which eliminates the use of the separate 'power turbines 1 of Fig. 1.

The construction of the main frame o! the locomotive and the construction by means of which each continuous combustion turbine system 4 is supported on the main frame-in symmetrical relation with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locomotive and in superposed relation with respect to the underlying bogie are identico in all material respects to the constructions shown by Figs. 1, 11-1'1, inclusive, and a further description of these features is deemed unnecessary. The generator |1| and gearing 12 associated with each continuous combustion turbine system 4 are also supported as a unit on the main frame I in symmetrical relation with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locomotive by substantially the .same construction as that used to support the associated power turbine 1 and transmission 9 shown in Figs. 1. 11 and 12. The only diilerence being that the generally rectangular frame |22 is supported on the transverse members I8 and I9 of the main frame I by three supporting member: |13, |14 and |16 which are similar to those used for mounting the turbine system supporting frame 44 on the transverse main frame members I1 and |9. lConsequently. it is seen that in this modiiication the twothree point supporting structures for the turbine system 4 and the associated gearing |12 and generator |1| are also symmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locomotive and that the two laterally spaced points of each three point support are disposed in proximity with respect to a vertical plane extending transversely of said axis, which prevents torsional movements of the main frame from effecting relative movements of the gear connected high and low speed turbine and generator shafts which in turn eliminates much of the difiiculty generally experienced with vehicle gearing of this type.

In this modiilcation. the continuous combustion turbine systems 4 are separately started by means of a single internal combustion engine generator unit |11 and the usual connections (not shown) for selectively connecting'one of the two generators I1| with the generator oi the starting set so as to drive the selected generator as a motor which in turn drives the adjacent turbine system 4 by means of the gearing |12. The starting set is supported on the two transverse members I9, I9 of the main frame I and in the space between the generators I1I by suitable supporting beams' |12 of which only one is shown. The threebearings Il, I4 and It of each turbine system and the bearings of. the associated generator |1I, which are not shown, are force lubricated'by the pumpe 51 as described in connection with Fig 1. A gear oil reservoir |19 is supported on each fram.;l |22 directly beneath the gearing |12 and the oil is withdrawn from the reservoir |19 and delivered to the gearing |12 by means of l thc pump Ill. The necessary pipe connections have been omitted in the interest of simplicity. A iuel oil storage tank |82 which extends beneath the adjacent ends of the frames |22 is supported of said frames by means of the supporting elements |93 and |94, respectively. The mel transfer pump 93 which is mounted on the tank |92 withdraws fuel from the tank and delivers the fuel to the burners through the pipes |86 and |91, respectively. The train heaters |41 of which only two are shown are mounted at the rear end of the locomotive and on the top of the heater fuel tank |98. Two motor driven ventilating fans |99 are mounted adjacent the top or roof of the locomotive by means of the brackets or. yokes I9| andoperate to withdraw air from the interior of the locomotive and deliver it to the outside through the passage |92.

The first step in the procedure of rendering the two power plants operative to propel the locos motive is to start the internal combustion engine generator set |11 and when that has been accomplished to then start the bearing and gearing lubricating pumpsl rind IBI, respectively, for the` power plant which is to be first placed in operation. The power for operating the lubricating pumps and other auxiliary devices during the starting period is obtained from the generator of the starting set |11 by means of the usual switch controlled circuits (not shown) which may, however. be arranged in a mannersimilarto that rndicated in Fig. 3. The generator |1| of the power plant which is to be started first is then connected with the generator of the starting set as described in the preceding paragraph. The circuit for energizing the fuel transfer pump 93 is then closed and when the turbine unit is rotating at the proper speed. the burners are rendered op- 'erative and the firing rate is increased until the unit is operating under its own power. The connection between the generator |1| of the operating power plant and the starting generator can now be opened and the starting generator connected with the generator of the idle power plnnt which can then be started in the mnaner just described. In connection with the starting of the second power plant, it must be remembered that the bearing and gearing lubricating pumps -51 and Ill, respectively, for that power plant shculd be rendered operative before initiating operation of the plant. When both power plants are operating under their own power, the operation of the starting set is terminated, as the auxiliary devices can then receive power from either or both of the main generators |1I.

The locomotive can now be propelled simply by closing the usual circuits (not shown) to connect the driving motors |99 on the axles 5 of each bogie with the generator |1| of the adjacent power plant to enect a rotation of the driving motors and movement of the locomotive in the desired direction. The burners are simultaneously regulated in the usual manner to vary the firing rate in accordance with the load demand throughout the normal operating range. 'I'he locomotive is brought to a stop in the usual manner by decreasing the tiring rate to the idling value and by simultaneously effecting a desired braking action which may be either dynamic or mechanical or a combination thereof. The necessary electrical circuits and controls for the electric drive whichenables the generators to be separately used as starting motors and simultaneously controlled to propel the locomotive in the desired direction are old in the art and have been omitted since they are not essential for a complete understanding ofthe present invention.

Figs. 4 to 7, inclusive, illustrate another modlin part by the beams` |19 and in part by each 76 ned arrangement inwhich like numeralsare used to designate the same or similar parts. This modification differs from the construction shown in Figs. 1, il. 12 and 13 in that the separate power turbines 1 have been eliminated by increasing the capacity of the turbines 22, in that the corresponding supporting brackets Ill'. ||9' and.|2|' are connected directly to the casing 9i' of the transmission 9 thus eliminating the use of the supporting frame |22. and in that the turbine systems at the front and rear ends of the locomotive of which only the front system is shown are each connected to the adjacent hydromechanical transmission by means of a shaft |92 having on one end a gear |94 which is constantly in mesh with the pinion 99 on the turbine shaft 91 and on its other end a gear |99 which is constantly in mesh with a pinion |91 secured to the intermediate portion of a second shaft |99. The second shaft |98 coacts with the remaining elements of the transmission 9 in exactly the same manner as the turbine shaft 91 shown in Figs. 8 te l0, inclusive, and except for the differences just recited, the transmission shown in F19. 4 is identical to that shown in Figs. 8 to i0, inclusive. The transmissions 9 in this modication are supported on the transverse members I9, I9 and i9, I9' of the main frame in a manner which eifects the same results and which is the full equivalent of the frame and bracket-arrangement shown in Figs. l, 11. 12 and13.

The pinion end of the turbine shaft and the adjacent end of the shaft |99 are enclosed in a housing |99 which is supported by a bowed transverse member connecting the adjacent end portions of the side members 49 of the supporting frame 44 as shown in Fig. 6. The auxiliary turbine |09 for driving the cooling fans 91, 99. |0| and |02, which is shown as provided with an exhaust conduit ||0, is supported on the gear housing |99 by means of a laterally extending portion 202. It should therefore be obvious that each turbine system 4 and the adjacent transmission 9 are supported by the main frame in symmetrical relation with respect to thc longitudinal axis of the locomotive by means of two separate three point supporting structures which are arranged and coact in substantially the same manner as the corresponding structures including the frames 44 and |22 of Figs. 1 and 11 to 15. inclusive. Consequently, it is seen that this arrangement also prevents torsional movements of the main frame from effecting relative movements of the gear connected'high and low speed shafts, respectively, 'which -in turn eliminates much of the dimculty generally experienced with vehicle gearing of this type. The arrangement and operation of the auxiliary devices including the cooling fans 91, 99, 99, |0| and |92 and. the arrangement and operation of the prime mover gtr-rator starting sets 9 are also identical to the arrangement and operation of the similar devices described in connection with Figs. 1 and 3. Consequently, a further detailed description of this modification is deemed unnecessary for a complete understanding of the invention.

Figs. 17 to 22, inclusive, illustrate still another modification in which like numerals `are used to designate the same or similar parts. This modincation differs from that shown in Figs. 2 and i6 in that the turbine system 4 is positioned in the space formerly occupied by the generator |1| and gearing |12 which are now supported in superposed relation with respect to the adjacent bogie 2, in that the gearing |12 connects the' compressor end of each turbine system 4 with the adjacent generator |1|, in that each bogie 2 is driven by four motors 209 by means of a pair of drive shafts 204 each of which is geared' to each of the two driving axles 9 of the adjacent bogie 2 and to a pair of said motors as best shown in Fig. i9, in that the transverse members |1| 9, inclusive, of the main frame are bowed down' ward as best shown in Figs. 19 to 2l, inclusive, in that the side members 49 of the frame 44 and lthe side members |29 of the frame |22, are each formed by uniting two beam members 209 and 201 of different length so as to provide side members which. will permit the adjacent ends of the side members of the frames 44 and |22 to be disposed in telescoped relation .1nd to be supported by the two laterally spaced supporting members 42 and 49 of Fig. 1 as bst shown in Fig. 22` in that the gearing I 12 is supported on the telescoped beam portions 201 of the frame |22 which supports -the turbine system 4, and in that the locomotive is provided with four instead of two train heaters |41 as shown in Fig. 18.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 22, it is seen that the outer ends of the side members 49 of the frame 44 are rigidly connected by a transverse beam 2|| `which rests on the supporting member 4| which in turn is positioned on the transverse reinforcing member |1 of the main frame I9 and that the side mez -ers |29 of the frame |22 are also rigidly c onnected by means of the longitudinally spaced transverse beams 2|2. 2|9, 2|4 and '219. The transverse beam 2|4 of the frame |22 rests on the supporting member |19 which in turn is positioned on the transverse reinforcing member |9 of the main frame i9. Thus it is seen that one end of the frame 44 is supported at substantially one point on the support 4|, that. the other end of the frame 44 is supported at two laterally spaced points by its beam members 201 resting on the supports 42 and 49, that the adjacent end of the frame |22 is also supported at two laterally spaced points by its beam members 291 which also rest onthe supports 42 and 49, and that the otherend of the frame |22 is supported at one point on the support |10. Consequently it should be obvious that this arrangement also comprises a pair of adjacent three point supporting structures symmetrically -arranged with respect to a common axis so that two of the three points of support tor one of said structures are disposed in close .proximity with respect to a vertical plane which extends transversely of said axis and which intersects two of the three points of support for the other one of the said pair of structures.

'I'he frame arrangement shown in Fig. 22 provides a pair of separate three point supporting structures one of which supports the turbine system 4 and gearing |12 and the other one of which supports the generator |1| which is operatively connected with each power plant. The arrangement. of the two adiacent three pointl supporting structures in this modification is the full equivalent of the arrangements shown in Figs. 11 to 16, inclusive. The turbine system 4 and gearing |12 and the associated generator |1| of each power plant are consequently supported, on the main frame of the locomotive in sym... metrical relation with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locomotive. Therefore, it should be obvious that this construction also operates t'o prevent torsional movements of the main frame from effecting relative movements of the gear connected high and low speed turbine system and generator shafts which in turn eliminates 8 mossos the diiilculty hereto experienced lwith vehicle gearing of this `type. The four driving motors 203 for each bogie 2 are grouped and supported from the side members |23 of the frame |22 by means of a hollow box construction 208, as shown in Figs. 17 and 19. Each drive shaft 208 is provided with a plurality oi the exible couplings 8|.

The control and operation oi the two power plants oi this modiiication including the starting procedure is identical to that set forth with respect to the arrangement illustrated by Figs. 2 and 16. Consequently, a further description in this respect is not deemed essential for a complete understanding of the invention.

A combustion chamber formed by two laterally spaced elongated tubular members 21 extending in parallel relation with respect to one another and with respect tothe axis of the associated turbine and compressor as previously described provides a compact symmetrical arrangement having a low center of gravity which eliminates much of the difficulty heretofore experienced in mounting combustion turbine systems for vehicle propulsion.' Moreover, the construction of the combustion chamber in this manner increases combustion eillciency and materially decreases the height and the overall length oi the unit since the diillculty of properly mixing the combustion supporting constituents increases as the diameter of the combustion chamber increases and in order to obtain prop'er mixing and complete combustion it is necessary to increase and decrease the length o1' the combustion as the diameter is increased and decreased, respectively. Consequently, a combustion turbine system embodying the above mentioned combustion chamber arrangement can be' readily installed in a much smaller space than can a similar system employlng the conventional type of combustion chamber.

The previously described correlation o! the supporting structures for the turbine systems l and the associated means including power transmitting mechanism not only provides a compact arrangement which has a low center of gravity and which prevents torsional movements of the main frame from effecting appreciable relative movements between the coacting elements oi the turbine systems and the saidassociated means, but it-also permits each of the power plants to be supported by the portion of the main frame adjacent its point -of support on the underlying bogie which in turn permits the use of a lighter and shorter main frame thereby reducing the initial cost, the dead or nonpay load and the overall length of the locomotive. An additional advantage provided by this particular arrangement of the supporting structures and of the power plants which is important in connection with the use of hydraulic transmission is that ample space is provided between the two continuous combustion turbine systems l and immediately above the iloor plates 8| for a low center oi gravity disposition of the heat exchanger t9 and cooling fans 91, 90, 09, iill .and |02.

The arrangement and the controls i'or the prime mover generator sets for starting the power plants shown in Figs.1 and 4 and for the turbine systems including the controls for the cooling fans and the controls for the associated power turbines, when such turbines are employed, permits the turbine systems to be separately started, operated and controlled which affords the desired and necessary degree of flexibility and efficient operation under'varying conditions of load and speed.

The disclosed correlation of the two three point supporting structures and of the coacting elements of a power plant supported thereon is o! general application in that it is immaterial whether the prime mover be an internal combustion engine or any other desired type oi prime mover and whether the moans including power transmitting mechanism or the power transmitting means be an electric generator, or any other means or combinations oi means capable of converting and/or transmitting power from the prime mover to the driving axles of the adjacent bogie. Therefore, although the invention is disclosed in connection with a power plant including a continuous combustion turbine system and either a mechanical transmission or an electric drive, it should be understood that it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact constructions and operations herein shown and described as various modifications within the scope ot the appended claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A locomotive comprising a wheel supported main frame, a power plant operable to propel the locomotive and including a continuous combustion power system having a gas turbine, a comprassor disposed in axial alinement with respect to said turbine, a pair of elongated combustion chambers disposed alongside of said turbine and compressor and extending in spaced and approximately parallel relation with respect to each other and with respect to the axis of the turbine and compressor, means connecting the` compressor ends ot said combustion chambers in parallel flow relation with respect to the discharge from said compressor, means connecting the turbine ends oi said combustion chambers in parallel flow relation with respect to the inlet to said turbine, and means supporting said power system on said main trame with said combustion chambers symmetrically arranged with respect to a. vertical plane including the longitudinal axis of the locomotive.

2. A locomotive comprising a wheel supported main trame, a power plant operable to propel the locomotive and including a continuous combustion power system having a gas turbine provided with an exhaust conduit extending therefrom in an approximate radial direction with respect to the turbine axis, a compressor disposed in axial alinement with respect tosaid turbine, a pair oi' elongated combustion chambers disposed alongside of said turbine and compressor on opposite sides ci said exhaust conduit and extending in spaced and approximately parallel relation with respect to each other and with respect to the axis .oi the turbine and compressor, means connecting the compressor ends of said combustion chambers in parallel flow relation with respect to the discharge from said compressor, means connecting the turbine ends oi said combustion l chambers in parallel iiow relation with respect to the inlet to said turbine, and means supporting said turbine system on said main frame with the axis oi the turbine and compressor extending longitudinally oi the locomotive and with said exhaust conduit superimposed with respect to said turbine.

3. A vehicle comprising a wheel supported frame. a power'transmitting means, a continuous combustion power system having a gas turbine. a compressor disposed 'in axial alinement with respect to said turbine. a pair of elongated comaccesos bustion chambers disposed alongside oi said turbine and compressor and extending in spaced and approximately parallel relation with respect t each other and with respect'to the axis oi the turbine and compressor. said combustion chambers being symmetrically arrangedwith respect to the axis oi said turbine and compressor and disposed on opposite sides of a vertical plane including said axis. means connecting the compressor ends of the said pair of combustion chambers' in parallel now relation with respect to the discharge from said compressor, means connecting the turbine ends 0I said pairci combustion chambers in parallel now relation with respect to the inlet to said turbine. means operatively connecting said power transmitting means with the said continuous combustion turbine sys tem, and means supporting said power system on said frame with said combustion chambers symmetrically arranged with respect to a vertical plane extending longitudinally of the vehicle substantially midway betwen the sides of said frame.

4..A locomotive comprising a main frame supported on bogies disposed adjacent opposite ends thereof. a power plant supported'by each end portion of said main trame in superimposed relation with respect to said main frame and in superposed relation with respect to the underlying bogie. a iluid containing power transmission unit suspended adjacent each of said bogies from an intermediate portion of said main frame. means operatively connecting each of said transmission units with a driving axle on the adja cent bogie, means operatively connecting each oi' said power plants with the adjacent one of the said power transmission units, and a heat dissipating means connected in circulatory relation with said transmission units and supported in the space between said power plants by intermediate portions oi' said main frame.

5. A locomotive comprising a main frame supported on bogies disposed adjacent opposite ends thereof. a power plant supported by each end portion of said main frame in superimposed relation with respect to said main frame and in superposed relation with respect to the underlying bogie, a hydromechanical transmission unit and a transmission luid reservoir suspended adjacent each ot said bogies from an intermediate portion of said main frame, means operatively connecting each of said transmission units with a driving wheel on the adjacent bogie. means 0peratively connecting each oi said power plants with the adjacent one of the said transmission units, and an elongated heat exchanger connect d in circulatory relation with said transmission units and reservoirs and supported by intermediate portions of said main frame to extend longitudinally of the locomotive in the space between said power'plants.

6. A locomotive comprising a main frame supported on bogies disposed adjacent opposite ends thereof, a continuous combustion turbine system supported by each end portion o! said main frame in superposed relation with respect to the underlying bogie, a hydromechanical transmission unit and a driving turbine suspended adjacent each of said bogies from an intermediate portion oi said main frame, means operatively connecting each of said transmission units with a driving axle on the adjacent bogie, an energyl conveying means operatively connecting each of said turbine systems with the adjacent one of the said driving turbines. and an elongated heat exchanger conneoted in circulatory relation with said transmission units and supported by intermediate portions of said main frame to extend longitudinally along one side of the locomotive in the space between said turbine system-s.

7. A locomotive comprising a main frame supported on bogies disposed adjacent opposite ends thereof, a continuous combustion turbine system supported by each end portion of said main frame in superposed relation with respect to the underlying bogie. a hydromechanical transmission unitI and a driving turbine suspended adjacent each of said bogies from an intermediate portion of said main frame, means operatively connecting each of said transmission units with a driving axle on the adjacent bogie, an energy conveying means operatively connecting each of said turbine syrtems with the adjacent one of the said driving turbines, an elongated heat exchanger connected in circulatory relation with said transmission units and supported by intermedate portons of saidimain frame to extend longitudinally along one s ide of the locomotive in the space between said turbine systems, and a plurality of devices also disposed in the space between said turbine systems and operable to pass a cooling fluid in heat exchanging relation with respect to said heat exchanger.

8. A locomotive comprising a main frame supported on bogies' disposed adjacent opposite ends thereof. a continuous combustion turbine system including a prime mover generator set supported by each end portion of said main frame in. superposed relation with respect to the underlying bogie. a power transmitting means suspended adjacent each o! said bogies from an intermediate portion of said main frame, means operatively connecting each of said power transmitting means with a driving axle on the adjacent bogie. means operatively connecting each of said turbine systems with the adjacent one of the said power transmitting means. electric motors arranged to drive the auxiliary apparatus essential for the continuous operationof both of said turbine systems and both oi' said power transmitting means. connections rendering one oi' said prime mover generator sets operable to start the adjacent one of the said turbine systems and to deliver power for driving said motors, connections operable to deliver driving fluid from the said adjacent one of the turbine systems to the other one of the said prime mover generator sets, and connections rendering the said other one of the prime mover generator sets operable to start the other one of the said turbine systems and to also deliver power for driving said motors.

9. A locomotive comprising a main frame supported on bogies disposed adjacent opposite ends thereof, a continuous combustion turbine system including a prime mover generator set supported posed relation with respect to the underlying bogie, a fluid containing power transmitting means suspended adjacent each of said bogies from an intermediate portion of said main frame, means operatively connecting each of said power transmitting means with a driving axle on the adjacent bogieI means operatively connecting each oi' said turbine systems with the adjacent one of the said power transmitting means, a heat exchange connected in circulatory relation with said power transmitting means and supported in the space between said turbine systems by intermediate portions of said main frame. a plurality of devices operable to pass a cooling fluid in heat exchanging relation with respect to said heat exchanger, electric motors arranged to drive a number of said devices and the other auxiliary apparatus essential for the continuous operation of both of said turbine systems and both oi' said power transmitting means, connections rendering one of said prime mover generator sets operable to start the adjacent one of the said turbine systems and to deliver power for driving said motors, connections operable to deliver driving fluid from the said adjacent one oi the turbine systems y to the other one of .the said prime mover generator sets, connections rendering the said other one o! the prime mover generator sets operable to start the other one of the said turbine systems and to also deliver power for driving said motors, and a prime mover operatively connected with one oi' said turbine systems to receive driving iluid therefrom and with the remainder of the said devices for operating the same.

10. In a locomotive combination comprising a power plant including separate turbine systems, a means including a hydromechanical transmission unit operatively connecting each o.' said turbine systems with a driving axle, a heat exchanger connected in circulatory relation with said transmission units, and a plurality of devices some o! which are motor driven operable to pass a'cooling iluid in circulatory relation with respect to said heat exchanger, a prime mover generator set including connections operable to start one oi' said turbine systems and to deliver power to drive said motor driven devices and other motor driven auxiliary apparatus essential for the continuous operation ci both turbine systems, a second prime mover generator set operatively connected to receive driving iluid from the said one o! the separate turbine systems, connections rendering said secondprime mover generator set operable to start the other of the said turbine systems and to also deliver power ior driving the said motor driven devices and said other motor driven auxiliary apparatus, and an auxiliary turbine operatively connected with one of said turbine systems to receive drivin'g i'iuid therefrom and with the remainder of the said devices to operate the same.

11. A locomotive comprising a main frame supported on bogies disposed adjacent opposite ends thereofga'continuous combustion turbine system supported by each end portion oi said main frame in superposed relation with respect to the underlying bogie, a means including ailuid containing transmission unit suspended adjacent each of said bogies from an intermediate portion oi said main frame, mean.' opera-- tively connecting each of said transmission units with a driving axle on the adjacent bogie, means operatively connecting each of said turbine systems with the adjacent one oi' the said means including a transmission unit, a heat exchanger connected in circulatory relation with said transmission units and supported in the space between said turbine systems by intermediate portions of said main frame, a plurality of devices also disposed in said space and operable to pass a cooling iluid in heat exchanging relation with respect to said heat exchanger, a means dependent upon the operation o! one of the said turbine systems and operatively connected with some of said devices to eilect -an operation thereof, and means operable independently of either of said turbine systems and connected with the 12. In a locomotive combination comprising a plurality o! fluid containing transmission units operatively connected with separate driving axles, a power plant operatively connected with each of said transmission units. for propelling the locomotive, and a heat exchanger connected in circulatory relation with said transmission units, a plurality oi devices operable to pass a cooling fluid in heat exchanging relation with respect to said heat exchanger, a means dependent upon the operation oi one of the said power plants and operatively connected with some oi said devices to eiIect an operation thereof. and means operable independently of the said p'ower plants land connected with the remainder of the said devices ior operating the same. Y

13. In a locomotive combination comprising a iiuid containing transmission unit operatively connected with a driving axle. a power plant operatively connected with said transmission unit for propelling the locomotive, and a heat exchanger connected in circulatory relation with said transmission unit, a plurality of devices operable to pass a cooling iluid in heat exchanging relation with respect to said heat exchanger, a means dependent upon the operation of said power plant and operatively connected with some of the said devices to eiiect an operation thereof, and meansoperable independently oi! said power plant and connected with the remainder of the said devices for operating the same.

14. In a locomotive combination comprising a v ceive driving fluid therefrom, and connections rendering said second prime mover generator set operable to start the other o! the said turbine systems and to also deliver power for operating the said motor driven devices.

15. In combination with a vehicle having a prime mover and a mechanically connected power transmitting means rendering said prime mover operative to propel said vehicle, means ior operatively supporting said prime mover and said power transmitting. means comprising a pair ot adjacent supporting structures, a vehicle frame on which said structures are supported at a plurality of spaced points, and said spaced points of support for said pair oi structures'being in eiIect six in number and symmetrically arranged with respect to a common axis extending longitudinally of the vehicle with four of the said six points of support disposed substantially in a vertical plane which ext-ends transversely oi' said axis to thereby eliminate a material degree oi relative torsional movement between said pair of supporting structures.

16. In a combination with a vehicle having a prime mover and a mechanically connected power transmitting means rendering said prime mover operative to propel said vehicle, means for operatively supporting said prime mover and said power transmitting means comprising a pais ot adjacent supporting structures, a frame on which said structures are supported at a plurality o! spaced points, and saic. spaced points of support for said pair ci structures being in eflect six in number and symmetrically arranged with respect to a common axis extending longitudinally of the vehicle with four oi the said six points o! support arranged to be intersected by a vertical plane which extends transversely of said axis.

i7. In combination with a vehicle having a prime mover and a mechanically connected power transmitting means rendering said prime mover cperativi to propel said vehicle, means lor operatively supporting said prime mover and said pow-fr transmitting means comprising a pair o! adjacent supporting structures, a vehicle frame on which said structures are supported at a plurality of spaced points with one of said structures overlying said tramo and with the other oi' said structures disposed below said frame, and said spaced points o! support for said pair of structures being in eilect six in number and symmetrically arranged with respect to a common axis extending longitudinally of the vehicle with four of the said six points of support disposed substantially in a vertical plane which extends transversely of said axis to thereby eliminate a material degree o! relative torsional movement between said pair of supporting structures.

i8. In combination with a vehicle having a main trame, a power plant, and a power transmitting means mechanically connected with said power plant for propelling said vehicle, means for supporting said power plant and said power transmitting means so as to prevent torsional movements of said trame from eilecting a material degree oi' relative torsional movement between the connecting portions of said power I plant and said power transmitting means comprising a pair of adjacent supporting structures one of which supports said power plant and the other oi which supports said power transnitting means, said structures each being supported by said frame at a plurality of spaced points, and said spaced points of support for said pair oi' structures being in effect six in number and sym-A metrically arranged with respect to a common axis extending longitudinally of the vehicle with folr ot the said six points of support disposed substantially in a vertical plane which extends transversely of said axis.

19. In combination with a vehicle having a main frame. a power plant, and a power transmitting means connected with said power plant for propelling said vehicle, means for supporting said power plant and said power transmitting means so as to efi'ect a low center of gravity for the vehicle and so as to prevent torsional movements of said main frame from ei'i'ecting a material degree of relative torsional movement between the connecting portions of said power plant and said power transmission means comprising a'pair of adjacent supporting structures one oi' which ovelies said main frame and the other of which is disposed below said` main trame. said structures being supported by said frame at a plurality of spaced points, and said spaced points of support for said pair of structures being in eilect six in number and symmetrically arranged with respect to a common axis extending longitudinally oi the vehicle with four o! the said six points of support disposed substantially in a vertical plane which extends transversely of sa'id axis.

20. A locomotive comprising a bogie supported main frame, means coacting with laterally and longitudinally spaced portions oi said main frame and forming therewith a pair of adjacent supporting structures one of which is disposed in superposed relation with respect to a bogie and the other of which is disposed below said main frame and in proximity with respect to an end of said bogie, said structures each being supported by said main frame at a plurality of spaced points, said points o! support for said pair of structures being in eiIect six in number and symmetrically arranged with respect to a common axis extending longitudinally of the locomotive with four of the said six points of support disposed substantially in a vertical plane which extends transversely of said axis, a power plant supported on said one of the said pair of structures. a power transmitting means supported on said other'of the said pair of structures, and means operatively connecting said power transmitting means with said power plant and with a driving wheel on said bogie.

21. A locomotive comprising a main frame supported on spaced bogies disposed adiacent the opposite ends thereof. means coacting with laterally and longitudinally spaced portions of said main frame and forming therewith a pair o! adjacent three point supported structures one of which overlies one end portion oi.' said main frame and the other of which is disposed below said main trame and in proximity with respect to the inner end of the bogie supporting said one end oI-the main frame, said pair of structures being symmetrically arranged with respect to a common axis extending longitudinally of the locomotive. a lpower plant supported on said one of the said pair of structures. a power transmitting means supported on said other of the said pair of structures, and means operatively connecting said power transmitting means with said power plant and with a driving wheel on said bogie.

22. A locomotive comprising a bogil` supported main frame. means coasting with las. rally and longitudinally spaced portions oi aid main frame and forming therewith a pair of adjacent three point supported structures one oi which is disposed in superposed relation with respect to a bogie and the other of which is disposed below said main frame 'and in proximity with respect to an end of said bogie, said pair of structures being symmetrically arranged with respect to a common axis extending longitudinally of the locomotive, a power plant supported on said one of the said pair of structures, a power transmitting means supported on said other o! the said pair of structures, and means operativel.v connecting said power transmitting means with said power plant and with a driving wheel on the said bogie.

JAMES L. RAY.

CERTIFICATE oF CORRECTION. Patent'no. 2,298,509. octcber 15, 191m.

JAMES L. RAY.

It is hereby certified that error appears inthe printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correctionas-follows: Plge,9,"fir'at I' column, line 22, claim 5, for' 'betwen" reed be'tween,; and eeon'd co1- umn, 1ine'21, claim 7, for ".intermednte! read intermediate-q line 71, cleimv 9, for "exchange'lread --exchungSr--z page 10,` second column, .1in e 58, claim 1h, .trike out'un1t*;zpage 11, mnt column, 11ne5a, clnm'lg, before 'connected' insert mechanica11y; and that the seid Latter: Patent should be 'read withv this correction therein thatthe slme my conform to the recorder the case in the Patent Office.

signed mended this 1n; any of neeembemi. D. 1&2.

l 'Henry van Andale, (Seel) ActingA Commissioner of Patente.

` Patentfuo. 2,298,509.

cRTIFIcATE' oF CORRECTION.

f october 15, 19112. JAMES L. RAY.

1t is hereby certified that error appears in theprnted specification' of the above numberedpatent requiring crrectionas-follows: Page,9,'fir`svt eelmnn,v line 22, claim 5, for' 'b etwen read "between-fj y.11nd seon'd ce1- umn, line. 21, clim 7, forl inteznedate! read "intermediate-hq Aline 71, claimA 9, for "exchange" read "exchanger-' Page110, second column,- Aline 58,131111111l 1b., strike out"unit" page ll, first column, 1111858, claimlQ,

before "connected" insert .mechanica11y-; and that the-said Letters Pat.- ent should be readwiththis correction therein thatthe :mme may oonfom to the recoroz-.ofI the 4case in the Patent Office. u signed magsealed this 1st qayof mumbai-,11. D. 1912.'

, "Henry Van Andale, (Seal) Acting Cenmzisione'r of Patente. 

